使用scrape爬取小说内容

安装twisted与scrape

pip install twisted
pip install scrapy

自订目录，安装scrape配置文件

d:
cd \pycharm\scrape\xiaoshuo#自己建文件夹
scrapy crawl story

进入pycharm，打开目录

编写story.py

import scrapy


class StorySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'story'  # 名称
    allowed_domains = ['m.xbiqugew.com']  # 域名
    start_urls = ['https://m.xbiqugew.com/book/53099/36995449.html']  # 开始的网址

    def parse(self, response):
        title = response.xpath('//h1[@class="nr_title"]/text()').get()
        content = response.xpath('string(//div[@id="nr1"])').get()
        next_url ='https://m.xbiqugew.com/book/53099/'+ response.xpath('//a[@id="pb_next"]/@href').get()
        print(next_url)
        paragraphs = content.split()
        formatted_content = '\n'.join(paragraphs)
        yield {
            'title': title,
            'content': formatted_content
        }
        yield scrapy.Request(next_url,callback=self.parse)

编写pipelines.py

class XiaoshuoPipeline:
    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.file = open('万相之王.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.file.close()

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # Correct string concatenation and reference to content field
        title = item['title']
        content = item['content']
        # 检查内容中是否包含 "本章未完"
        if "本章未完" in content:
            # 保存当前标题和内容，等待下一部分
            self.prev_title = title
            self.prev_content = content
        else:
            # 如果之前有未完内容
            if self.prev_content:
                # 寻找第二部分内容的第一个字符在之前内容中的位置并裁剪
                first_char = content[0]
                last_index = self.prev_content.rfind(first_char)
                if last_index != -1:
                    self.prev_content = self.prev_content[:last_index]

                # 组合之前未完内容和当前内容
                combined_content = self.prev_content + content

                # 写入组合内容，并保留第一个标题，删除第二个标题
                info = self.prev_title + "\n" + combined_content + '\n'
                self.file.write(info)

                # 清空未完内容
                self.prev_title = None
                self.prev_content = None
            else:
                # 写入当前标题和内容
                info = title + "\n" + content + '\n'
                self.file.write(info)

        return item

注释setting.py

# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
   "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
   "Accept-Language": "en",
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'
}

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   "xiaoshuo.pipelines.XiaoshuoPipeline": 300,
}

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.4

编写开始文件start.py，注意路径

from scrapy import cmdline
cmdline.execute(['scrapy', 'crawl', 'story'])